How To Clean Code Js Composer
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A little over a month ago, I talked about how to install the PHP Code Sniffer in an MAMP-based environment. Though you can read the post in its entirety, the short of is this:
- Setup Pear
- Install the package via Pear
- Grab the rules for the WordPress Coding Standards
- Begin evaluating your code
Easy enough, right?
But here’s the thing: As mentioned in the article, some may opt to use Composer to install the package. In fact, someone also mentioned this in the comments.
And since Composer is the default dependency management application for PHP projects, it makes sense to use it, right?
The funny thing is, since I’ve written that article, I’ve been using Composer in a few projects. So I thought it would make sense to show how to install PHP CodeSniffer with Composer.
Installing PHP CodeSniffer with Composer
To install the code sniffer with Composer assumes that you have composer installed, right? Depending on which web server setup you’re using will determine how you’ve got Composer installed.
As with the previous article, I’m going to walk through how to do it within the context of MAMP. The general steps will be the same, but the paths to, say, your PHP binaries may vary.
1. Make PHP Globally Accessible
To have access from a MAMP version of PHP from the command line, you need to make sure that it’s part of your environmental variables.
Before going any further, make note of which version of PHP you use from within the MAMP administration screen.
Next, open terminal and enter the following command (paying attention to the version of PHP):
$ alias php=/Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php5.6.10/bin/php;
Now you should be able to execute PHP from the command line without having to reference the bath to the binary included with MAMP.
2. Install Composer
This is pretty easy – it’s two commands.
First, navigate to a directory in which you want to download the Composer package. It doesn’t matter which directory you’re in because we’re going to be copying the binary to a globally accessible directory.
To download Composer, issue the following command:
$ curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php;
Next, move the composer.phar file into the globally accessible user binary directory:
$ mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer;
And done.
3. Verify Installation
To make sure the installation completed successfully, run the following command:
$ composer help
And you should see output like this:
If you see that, then you’re good to go.
4. Install PHP Code Sniffer
Finally, to install PHP Code Sniffer using Composer, you can issue the following command:
$ composer global require 'squizlabs/php_codesniffer=*'
Then, to install the WordPress Coding Standards sniffer, you can use the following set of commands (and read more about them in-depth in the original post).
5. Install The WordPress Coding Standards Rules
Clone a copy of the standards sniffer into the PHP binary directory. This assumes you’re working out of /Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php5.6.10/bin/php.
$ git clone git@github.com:WordPress-Coding-Standards/WordPress-Coding-Standards.git wpcs
Then tell the PHP Code Sniffer about the new rules:
$ phpcs --config-set installed_paths /Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php5.6.10/bin/wpcs
Finally, run $ phpcs -i and you should see the WordPress rules appear in the available set:
And, at this point, you’ve installed Composer, setup the PHP Code Sniffer using the package manager, and also configured the WordPress Coding Standards sniffer.
'Any fool can write code that a computer can understand. Good programmers write code that humans can understand.'
As eloquently noted by Robert Martin in his book “Clean Code,” the only valid measurement of code quality is the number of WTFs per minute as represented in the below diagram:
“Are we debugging in a panic, poring over code that we thought worked? Are customers leaving in droves and managers breathing down our necks? How can we make sure we wind up behind the right door when the going gets tough? The answer is: craftsmanship.”
There are countless examples of bad code bringing companies down or making a disaster of an otherwise good product. Some famous and (fairly serious!) examples include space rockets being mislaunched due to a badly transcribed formula (a single line was missing that meant the rocket had to be terminated 293 seconds after launch ultimately costing around 20 million dollars), or a race condition bug in a medical machine that caused the death of three people, when they were exposed to lethal radiation doses – and you think you’ve had a bad day!
The quality of the code is directly correlated to the maintainability of the product. Programming productivity has an arccotangent relationship with time.
As features are added and changes are made, time passes and the original developers move on or forget some of the project details, or if the quality of the code is not good, changes become increasingly risky and more complex.
Programmers are really authors, and your target audience is not the computer it is other programmers (and yourself). The ratio of time spent by a programmer reading code to writing code is normally 10 to one. You are constantly reading old code in order to write new code.
Writing clean code makes the code easier to understand going forward and is essential for creating a successful maintainable product.
“Always code as if the guy who ends up maintaining your code will be a violent psychopath who knows where you live.”
Remember the second law of thermodynamics? It implies that disorder in a system will always increase unless you spend energy and work to keep it from increasing.
Similarly, it takes a hell of a lot of more effort to write clean code. Writing clean code is hard work. It needs a lot of practice and focus during execution.
To be able to write clean code you should train your mind over a period of time.The hardest part is simply making a start, but as time goes by and your skillset improves, it becomes easier. Writing clean code is all about readability, so even the smallest things like changing you habits for naming variables make the biggest difference.
We should be consciously trying to improve code quality and decrease code entropy. The boy scouts of America have a simple rule:
“Leave the campground cleaner than you found it.”
The same rule applies to programmers. Always leave the checked in code cleaner than the code that is checked out.
1. Variable and method name
1.1. Use intention-revealing name
This is bad:
protected $d; // elapsed time in days
This is good:
protected $elapsedTimeInDays;
protected $daysSinceCreation;
protected $daysSinceModification;
protected $fileAgeInDays;
1.2. Use pronounceable name
This is bad:
public $genymdhms;public $modymdhms;
This is good:
public $generationTimestamp;
public $modificationTimestamp;
1.3. Use namespaces instead of prefixing names
Most modern programming languages (including PHP and Python) support namespaces.
This is bad:
class Part {
private $m_dsc;
}
This is good:
class Part {
private $description;
}
1.4. Don't be cute
This is bad:
$program->whack();
This is good:
$program->kill();
1.5. Use one word per concept
Be consistent. For example, don’t use getand fetchto do the same thing in different classes
1.6. Use solution domain names
People reading your code will be other programmers so they understand solution domain terminology, so make the most of it. - For example, jobQueue is better than jobs
1.7. Use verbs for function names and nouns for classes and attributes
class Product {
private $price;
public function increasePrice($dollarsToAddToPrice)
{
$this->price += $dollarsToAddToPrice;
}
}
2. Better Functions
2.1. The smaller the better
2.2. A function should only do one thing
2.3. No nested control structure
2.4. Less arguments are better
More than three arguments are evil. For example:
Circle makeCircle(Point center, double radius);
Is better than
Circle makeCircle(double x, double y, double radius);
2.5. No side effects
Functions must only do what the name suggests and nothing else.
2.6. Avoid output arguments
If returning something is not enough then your function is probably doing more than one thing.
For example
email.addSignature();
Is better than
addSignature(email);
2.7. Error Handling is one thing
Throwing exceptions is better than returning different codes dependent on errors.
Asking for forgiveness is easier than requesting permission. Use try/catch instead of conditions if possible
2.8. Don’t repeat yourself
Functions must be atomic
3. Comments
3.1. Don’t comment bad code, rewrite it
3.2. If code is readable you don’t need comments
This is bad:
// Check to see if the employee is eligible for full benefits
if ($employee->flags && self::HOURLY_FLAG && $employee->age > 65)
This is good:
if ($employee->isEligibleForFullBenefits())
3.3. Explain your intention in comments
For example:
// if we sort the array here the logic becomes simpler in calculatePayment() method
3.4. Warn of consequences in comments
For example:
// this script will take a very long time to run
3.5. Emphasis important points in comments
For example:
// the trim function is very important, in most cases the username has a trailing space
3.6. Always have your PHPDoc comments
Most IDEs do this automatically, just select the shortcut.
How To Clean Code Js Composer For Beginners
Having doc comments are especially important in PHP because methods don’t have argument and return types. Having doc comments lets us specify argument and return types for functions.
If your function name is clear, you don’t need a description of what the method is doing in the doc comment.
For example:
/**
* Return a customer based on id
* @param int $id
* @return Customer
*/
Public function getCustomerById($id)
3.7. Any comments other than the above should be avoided
3.8. Noise comments are bad
For example:
How To Clean Code Js Composer Free
/** The day of the month. */
private $dayOfMonth;
3.9. Never leave code commented
Perhaps this is the most important point in this whole article. With modern source control software such as Git you can always investigate and revert back to historical code. It is ok to comment code when debugging or programming, but you should never ever check in commented code.
4. Other code smells and heuristics
There are a lot more that you can do to identify and avoid bad code. Below is a list of some code smells and anti-patterns to avoid. Refer to the sources of this blog for more information.
- Dead code
- Speculative Generality - no need “what if?”
- Large classes
- God object
- Multiple languages in one file
- Framework core modifications
- Overuse of static (especially when coding in Joomla!)
- Magic numbers - replace with const or var
- Long if conditions - replace with function
- Call super’s overwritten methods
- Circular dependency
- Circular references
- Sequential coupling
- Hard-coding
- Too much inheritance - composition is better than inheritance
Conclusion
As I mentioned before it takes a lot of practice and effort to write clean code. However it is definitely worth the extra effort. Writing clean code is integral to the success of the project.
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Adopting coding standards such as (PSR-2) will make it a lot easier to write clean code. If you are using PhpStorm (IntelliJ) you can set your coding style to PSR-2 and the IDE’s internal code inspector will warn you when your code is not good.
Also adopting Code Sniffer will help a lot. You can install Joomla’s CodeSniffer and only commit when it is green.
Perfect code is not always feasible but It is important to try and write code as cleanly as possible. Programming is an art. Let other programmers enjoy your code.
To finish, I would like to share a telling quote from Robert Martin:
“[Most managers] may defend the schedule and requirements with passion; but that’s their job. It’s your job to defend the code with equal passion”
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Sources
Composer Js Crossword
- “Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship” by Robert C. Martin